乳果糖，Lactulose；≥95%

乳果糖是一种由半乳糖和果糖合成的双糖。它不被肠道吸收，经常用于治疗便秘和肝性脑病。研究表明，给予乳果糖可能会导致粪便氮的增加。它也被认为是一种益生元。乳果糖测量可用于检测胃肠功能障碍。

Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide derived from galactose and fructose. It is not absorbed in the gut and is frequently used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Studies have reported that lactulose administration may cause an increase in fecal nitrogen. It is also known to function as a prebiotic. Lactulose measurements can be used to detect gastrointestinal dysfunctions.