Aristolochic acid is a potent inhibitor of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), hyaluronidase, and acetylcholinesterase plasma proteases from snake venoms.
[6] Aristolochic acid is considered a herbal medicine and shows therapeutic effects against obstetrics, snake bites, gout, and rheumatism.
[2] It exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-malarial properties.
[7] In addition, it is also considered a genotoxic mutagen
[2] and causes aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), characterized by interstitial fibrosis and urothelial cancer.
[2]